Last modified on: 25-May-2016.
N.B. The abbreviation BCE stands for ‘Before the Common Era’ and is equivalent to BC.
Virtually all dates should be preceded by ca. for circa (Latin for ‘around/about’).
Use your browser’s FIND menu to search for a date or topic.
THE FIFTH CENTURY BCE (500–401 BCE)
500 BCE – 70TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of ? in Athens.
Greek Classical Age (ca. 500–323 BCE)
499 BCE
June/July: Archonship of ? in Athens.
498 BCE
June/July: Archonship of ? in Athens.
497 BCE
June/July: Archonship of ? in Athens.
496 BCE – 71ST OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Hipparkhos in Athens.
495 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Philippos in Athens.
494 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Pythokritos in Athens.
493 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Themistokles in Athens.
492 BCE – 72ND OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Diognetos in Athens.
491 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Hybrilides in Athens.
490 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Phainippos in Athens.
Battle of Marathon: Miltiades of Athens defeats Persians lead by Datis and Artaphernes the Younger
489 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Aristeides in Athens.
488 BCE – 73RD OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Ankhises in Athens.
487 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Telesines in Athens.
486 BCE
June/July: Archonship of ? in Athens.
485 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Philokrates in Athens.
484 BCE – 74TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Leostratos in Athens.
483 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Nikodemos in Athens.
482 BCE
June/July: Archonship of ? in Athens.
481 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Hypsikhides in Athens.
480 BCE – 75TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Kalliades in Athens.
Battle of Thermopylai: Persian king Xerxes I annihilates Spartans under Leonidas (slain).
Battle of Salamis: Themistokles of Athens defeats Persian fleet.
479 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Xanthippos in Athens.
Battle of Plataia: Lakedaimonian regent Pausanias defeats Persian army led by Mardonios (slain).
Battle of Mykale: Greek force ostensibly lead by the Lakedaimonian king Latykhidas/Leotykhidas destroys beached Persian fleet.
478 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Timosthenes in Athens.
477 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Adeimantos in Athens.
476 BCE – 76TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of ? in Athens.
475 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Dromokleides in Athens.
474 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Akestorides in Athens.
473 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Menon in Athens.
472 BCE – 77TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Khares in Athens.
471 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Praxiergos in Athens.
470 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Demotion in Athens.
469 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Apsephion in Athens.
468 BCE – 78TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Theagenides in Athens.
Battle of Eurymedon River (ca. 468/467 BCE): Kimon of Athens defeats both the Persian fleet and army.
467 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Lysistratos in Athens.
466 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Lysanias in Athens.
465 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Lysitheos in Athens.
464 BCE – 79TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Arkhedemides in Athens.
463 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Tlepolemos in Athens.
462 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Konon in Athens.
461 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Euthipppos in Athens.
460 BCE – 80TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Phrasikleides in Athens.
459 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Philokles in Athens.
458 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Habron in Athens.
457 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Mnesitheides in Athens.
Battle of Tanagra: Lakedaimonians lead by Nikomedes defeat Athenians.
Battle of Oinophyta: Myronides of Athens defeats the Boiotians.
456 BCE – 81ST OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Kallias in Athens.
455 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Sosistratos in Athens.
454 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Ariston in Athens.
453 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Lysikrates in Athens.
452 BCE – 82ND OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Khairephanes in Athens.
451 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Antidotos in Athens.
450 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Euthydemos in Athens.
449 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Pedieus in Athens.
448 BCE – 83RD OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Philiskos in Athens.
447 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Timarkhides in Athens.
446 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Kallimakhos in Athens.
445 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Lysimakhides in Athens.
444 BCE – 84TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Praxiteles in Athens.
443 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Lysanias in Athens.
442 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Diphilos in Athens.
441 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Timokles in Athens.
440 BCE – 85TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Morykhides in Athens.
439 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Glaukinos in Athens.
438 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Theodoros in Athens.
437 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Euthymenes in Athens.
436 BCE – 86TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Lysimakhos Myrrinusios in Athens.
435 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Antiokhides in Athens.
434 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Krates in Athens.
433 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Apseudes in Athens.
432 BCE – 87TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Pythodoros in Athens.
431 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Euthynos in Athens.
Peloponnesian War (ca. 431–404 BCE) between Lakedaimon and Athens.
430 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Apollodoros in Athens.
429 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Epameinon in Athens.
428 BCE – 88TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Diotimos in Athens.
427 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Eukles Molonos in Athens.
426 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Euthynos in Athens.
425 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Stratokles in Athens.
424 BCE – 89TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Isarkhos in Athens.
423 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Amynias in Athens.
422 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Alkaios in Athens.
421 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Aristion in Athens.
420 BCE – 90TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Astyphilos in Athens.
419 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Arkhias in Athens.
418 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Antiphon in Athens.
Battle of Mantinea: Lakedaimonian king Agis II defeats the Argives, Athenians, etc.
417 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Euphemos in Athens.
416 BCE – 91ST OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Arimnestos in Athens.
415 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Kharias in Athens.
414 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Teisandros in Athens.
413 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Kleokritos in Athens.
412 BCE – 92ND OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Kallias in Athens.
411 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Mnesilokhos and Theopompos in Athens.
410 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Glaukippos in Athens.
409 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Diokles in Athens.
408 BCE – 93RD OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Euktemon in Athens.
407 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Antigenes in Athens.
406 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Kallias in Athens.
Battle of Arginousai Islands: Athenian fleet defeats Lakedaimonian admiral Kallikratidas (slain).
Athenian stratēgoi executed for failing to rescue their crews in the water.
405 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Alexias in Athens.
Battle of Aigospotamoi: Lakedaimonians under Lysander annihilate the Athenian fleet.
404 BCE – 94TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Pythodoros in Athens.
Athens surrenders to the Lakedaimonians.
403 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Eukleides in Athens.
402 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Mikon in Athens.
401 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Xenainetos in Athens.
Battle of Kounaxa: Persian king Artaxerxes II defeats his brother Cyrus the Younger (slain).
Unless otherwise indicated, Olympiad years and Athenian archons per Bickerman, E. J. Chronology of the Ancient World. London: Thames and Hudson, 1968.
⟨W⟩ = Worthington, Ian. Philip II of Macedonia. 2008.
N.B. The abbreviation BCE stands for ‘Before the Common Era’ and is equivalent to BC.
Virtually all dates should be preceded by ca. for circa (Latin for ‘around/about’).
Use your browser’s FIND menu to search for a date or topic.
THE FIFTH CENTURY BCE (500–401 BCE)
500 BCE – 70TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of ? in Athens.
Greek Classical Age (ca. 500–323 BCE)
499 BCE
June/July: Archonship of ? in Athens.
498 BCE
June/July: Archonship of ? in Athens.
497 BCE
June/July: Archonship of ? in Athens.
496 BCE – 71ST OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Hipparkhos in Athens.
495 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Philippos in Athens.
494 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Pythokritos in Athens.
493 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Themistokles in Athens.
492 BCE – 72ND OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Diognetos in Athens.
491 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Hybrilides in Athens.
490 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Phainippos in Athens.
Battle of Marathon: Miltiades of Athens defeats Persians lead by Datis and Artaphernes the Younger
489 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Aristeides in Athens.
488 BCE – 73RD OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Ankhises in Athens.
487 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Telesines in Athens.
486 BCE
June/July: Archonship of ? in Athens.
485 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Philokrates in Athens.
484 BCE – 74TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Leostratos in Athens.
483 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Nikodemos in Athens.
482 BCE
June/July: Archonship of ? in Athens.
481 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Hypsikhides in Athens.
480 BCE – 75TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Kalliades in Athens.
Battle of Thermopylai: Persian king Xerxes I annihilates Spartans under Leonidas (slain).
Battle of Salamis: Themistokles of Athens defeats Persian fleet.
479 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Xanthippos in Athens.
Battle of Plataia: Lakedaimonian regent Pausanias defeats Persian army led by Mardonios (slain).
Battle of Mykale: Greek force ostensibly lead by the Lakedaimonian king Latykhidas/Leotykhidas destroys beached Persian fleet.
478 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Timosthenes in Athens.
477 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Adeimantos in Athens.
476 BCE – 76TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of ? in Athens.
475 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Dromokleides in Athens.
474 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Akestorides in Athens.
473 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Menon in Athens.
472 BCE – 77TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Khares in Athens.
471 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Praxiergos in Athens.
470 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Demotion in Athens.
469 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Apsephion in Athens.
468 BCE – 78TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Theagenides in Athens.
Battle of Eurymedon River (ca. 468/467 BCE): Kimon of Athens defeats both the Persian fleet and army.
467 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Lysistratos in Athens.
466 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Lysanias in Athens.
465 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Lysitheos in Athens.
464 BCE – 79TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Arkhedemides in Athens.
463 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Tlepolemos in Athens.
462 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Konon in Athens.
461 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Euthipppos in Athens.
460 BCE – 80TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Phrasikleides in Athens.
459 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Philokles in Athens.
458 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Habron in Athens.
457 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Mnesitheides in Athens.
Battle of Tanagra: Lakedaimonians lead by Nikomedes defeat Athenians.
Battle of Oinophyta: Myronides of Athens defeats the Boiotians.
456 BCE – 81ST OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Kallias in Athens.
455 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Sosistratos in Athens.
454 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Ariston in Athens.
453 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Lysikrates in Athens.
452 BCE – 82ND OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Khairephanes in Athens.
451 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Antidotos in Athens.
450 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Euthydemos in Athens.
449 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Pedieus in Athens.
448 BCE – 83RD OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Philiskos in Athens.
447 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Timarkhides in Athens.
446 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Kallimakhos in Athens.
445 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Lysimakhides in Athens.
444 BCE – 84TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Praxiteles in Athens.
443 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Lysanias in Athens.
442 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Diphilos in Athens.
441 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Timokles in Athens.
440 BCE – 85TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Morykhides in Athens.
439 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Glaukinos in Athens.
438 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Theodoros in Athens.
437 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Euthymenes in Athens.
436 BCE – 86TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Lysimakhos Myrrinusios in Athens.
435 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Antiokhides in Athens.
434 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Krates in Athens.
433 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Apseudes in Athens.
432 BCE – 87TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Pythodoros in Athens.
431 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Euthynos in Athens.
Peloponnesian War (ca. 431–404 BCE) between Lakedaimon and Athens.
430 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Apollodoros in Athens.
429 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Epameinon in Athens.
428 BCE – 88TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Diotimos in Athens.
427 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Eukles Molonos in Athens.
426 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Euthynos in Athens.
425 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Stratokles in Athens.
424 BCE – 89TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Isarkhos in Athens.
423 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Amynias in Athens.
422 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Alkaios in Athens.
421 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Aristion in Athens.
420 BCE – 90TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Astyphilos in Athens.
419 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Arkhias in Athens.
418 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Antiphon in Athens.
Battle of Mantinea: Lakedaimonian king Agis II defeats the Argives, Athenians, etc.
417 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Euphemos in Athens.
416 BCE – 91ST OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Arimnestos in Athens.
415 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Kharias in Athens.
414 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Teisandros in Athens.
413 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Kleokritos in Athens.
412 BCE – 92ND OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Kallias in Athens.
411 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Mnesilokhos and Theopompos in Athens.
410 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Glaukippos in Athens.
409 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Diokles in Athens.
408 BCE – 93RD OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Euktemon in Athens.
407 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Antigenes in Athens.
406 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Kallias in Athens.
Battle of Arginousai Islands: Athenian fleet defeats Lakedaimonian admiral Kallikratidas (slain).
Athenian stratēgoi executed for failing to rescue their crews in the water.
405 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Alexias in Athens.
Battle of Aigospotamoi: Lakedaimonians under Lysander annihilate the Athenian fleet.
404 BCE – 94TH OLYMPIAD (JULY/AUGUST)
June/July: Archonship of Pythodoros in Athens.
Athens surrenders to the Lakedaimonians.
403 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Eukleides in Athens.
402 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Mikon in Athens.
401 BCE
June/July: Archonship of Xenainetos in Athens.
Battle of Kounaxa: Persian king Artaxerxes II defeats his brother Cyrus the Younger (slain).
NOTES
Unless otherwise indicated, Olympiad years and Athenian archons per Bickerman, E. J. Chronology of the Ancient World. London: Thames and Hudson, 1968.
⟨W⟩ = Worthington, Ian. Philip II of Macedonia. 2008.
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